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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and rheumatoid arthritis
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a cytokine, a type of protein involved in the immune response, that is involved in the regulation of inflammation. In people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), TNF-alpha levels are often elevated due to the chronic inflammation present in the joints.

Elevated TNF-alpha levels have been shown to contribute to the inflammation and joint damage seen in RA. Measuring TNF-alpha levels in people with RA can be used to monitor disease activity and to assess the response to treatment.

There are also medications known as TNF inhibitors, such as etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab, that target TNF-alpha in order to reduce inflammation in RA. These medications are used in people with RA who have not responded to traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or biologic DMARDs.

It's important to note that elevated TNF-alpha levels can also be seen in other conditions such as infections and certain cancers, so TNF-alpha levels should not be used as the sole indicator for a diagnosis of RA.

In conclusion, TNF-alpha levels can be a useful tool in the management of RA, and targeting TNF-alpha with medications can be an effective treatment for reducing inflammation in RA.
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